Print this page

    PROSTATE BIOPSY

    WHAT IS A PROSTATE BIOPSY?
    A biopsy is a procedure performed to remove tissue or cells from the body for examination under a microscope. A biopsy of the prostate is a process in which the samples of the prostate gland tissue are removed with a special biopsy needle or during surgery to determine if they are cancerous or have other abnormal cells. The diagnosis of prostate cancer is confirmed only by a biopsy.

    HOW IS A PROSTATE BIOPSY PERFORMED?
    A prostate biopsy can be performed in many different ways:

    • Transrectal method. This is done through the rectum and is the most common.
    • Perineal method. This is done through the skin between the scrotum and anus.
    • Transurethral method. This is done through the urethra.

    HOW DOES THE DOCTOR SEE THE PROSTATE TO MAKE THE BIOPSY?
    A prostate biopsy may be done by:

    • The transrectal ultrasound to guide the biopsy. It is the most frequently used method,selected worldwide.
    • Guided by MRI on display.
    • Stereotactic biopsy.

    WHEN IS A PROSTATE BIOPSY NEEDED?
    The prostate biopsy is done after other diagnostic tests indicate a problem with the prostate gland.
    The most common tests are:

    • Digital rectal examination (DRE).
    • Prostate specific antigen (PSA). A blood test may indicate the presence of prostate cancer
    • The transrectal ultrasound (TRUS).

    A prostate biopsy is then performed for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

    WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE?

    • Discomfort at the biopsy site.
    • Infection in the prostate. You may develop a fever and chills.
    • Difficulty urinating.
    • Haematuria.
    • Hematospermia.
    • Haematochezia.

    There may be other risks depending on your medical condition. Discuss any concerns with your doctor before the procedure.

    WHATIS THE PREPARATION?

    • Your doctor will explain the procedure.
    • You will be given antibiotics .
    • Tell your doctor if you are sensitive or allergic to any drugs and anaesthetic agents.
    • Tell your doctor about all the medicines (prescription and over the-counter) and herbal supplements you take.
    • Tell your doctor if you have a history of bleeding disorders or if you are taking any blood-thinning medications , aspirin, or other drugs that affect blood clotting. It may be necessary for you to stop these medications prior to the procedure.
    • If your doctor uses the transrectal method should put an enema the night before or the morning of the biopsy.
    • You may receive a sedative before the procedure to help you relax. Because the sedative may cause drowsiness, you should arrange for someone to drive you home.
    • Based on your medical condition, your physician may request other specific preparation.

    WILL I HAVE TO STAY IN THE HOSPITAL?
    The prostate biopsy is done in the office without the need for hospitalization.